John Maloney, Mitchel Resnick, Natalie Rusk, Brian Silverman, Evelyn Eastmond

Abstract

Scratch is a visual programming environment that allows users (primarily ages 8 to 16) to learn computer programming while working on personally meaningful projects such as animated stories and games. A key design goal of Scratch is to support self-directed learning through tinkering and collaboration with peers. This article explores how the Scratch programming language and environment support this goal.