Cynthia Breazeal. "Emotion and sociable humanoid robots." International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, Volume 59, Issues 1–2, 2003, Pages 119-155. ISSN 1071-5819. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1071-5819(03)00018-1.

Abstract

This paper focuses on the role of emotion and expressive behavior in regulating social interaction between humans and expressive anthropomorphic robots, either in communicative or teaching scenarios. We present the scientific basis underlying our humanoid robot’s emotion models and expressive behavior, and then show how these scientific viewpoints have been adapted to the current implementation. Our robot is also able to recognize affective intent through tone of voice, the implementation of which is inspired by the scientific findings of the developmental psycholinguistics community. We first evaluate the robot’s expressive displays in isolation. Next, we evaluate the robot’s overall emotive behavior (i.e. the coordination of the affective recognition system, the emotion and motivation systems, and the expression system) as it socially engages nave human subjects face-to-face